Teaching Speaking - 1667 Words

Teaching speaking skills 2 - overcoming classroom problems Submitted by TE Editor on 16 February, 2004 - 13:00 This article is written for teachers with large classes of students who have encountered some of the following or similar problems during speaking activities in their classroom. * Why should we teach speaking skills in the classroom? * Motivation * Speaking is fundamental to human communication * Dealing with the arguments against teaching speaking skills * Students wont talk or say anything * When students work in pairs or groups they just end up chatting in their own language * When all the students speak together it gets too noisy and out of hand and I lose control of the classroom *†¦show more content†¦If you are shy about speaking in English, how can you expect your students to overcome their fears about speaking English? Dont worry if you are not completely fluent or dont have that elusive perfect native accent, as Swain (1985) wrote We learn to speak by speaking and that goes for teachers as well as students. The more you practise the more you will improve your own o ral skills as well as help your students improve theirs. When students work in pairs or groups they just end up chatting in their own language. Is the activity or task pitched at the right level for the students? Make sure you give the students all the tools and language they need to be able to complete the task. If the language is pitched too high they may revert to their L1, likewise if the task is too easy they may get bored and revert to their L1. Also, be aware of the fact that some students especially beginners, will often use their L1 as an emotional support at first, translating everything word for word to check they have understood the task before attempting to speak. In the case of these students simply be patient as most likely once their confidence grows in using English their dependence on using their L1 will begin to disappear. Are all the students actively involved and is the activity interesting? If students do not have something to say or do, or dont feel the need to speak,Show MoreRelatedTHE USING OF COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING APPROACH IN TEACHING SPEAKING3075 Words   |  13 PagesTHE USING OF COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING APPROACH IN TEACHING SPEAKING Markus Dimu Radja ABSTRACT In teaching speaking teachers should know a).the concept of speaking, the element of the sound for instance phonemes because some of the students and including teachers still find difficulties in pronouncing them and b).models of learning and teaching and focused on CLT . 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The Problem Of The Soul - 1086 Words

Flanagan, a naturalist, asserts in his book The Problem of the Soul that he is an atheist on the concept of the soul and he is a quietist when it comes to the concept of god. What he means by this, is that he does not believe in the existence of the soul, for several reasons, and believes that we shouldn’t be discussing the concept of god in general because while he admits that it is logically plausible, there is no way that we can ever know if god exists or not for absolute certain. Flanagan states that what he means by the title of his book is, â€Å"†¦ a shorthand was of referring to a cluster of philosophical concepts that are central components of the dominant humanistic image† and that these ‘problems’ of the soul primarily include, â€Å"... a nonphysical mind, free will, and a permanent, abiding, and immutable self or soul.† The central theme of the book is the obsoleteness of the humanistic image as well as its utter incompatibility wit h the logical, empirically supported scientific image. Flanagan argues that the humanistic and scientific images are in no way compatible, and that we should all throw out the humanistic image and instead adopt the scientific image. One of the fundamental bases of the humanistic image, is that we humans are not completely animal. 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The Environment Essay Example For Students

The Environment Essay The EnvironmentThe impact of people on their environment can be devastating. This is where the respective role of governments can make decisions that shape environmental policy and responsibilities. These governments can be broken up into four different levels: local, state, federal and international. Air quality and biodiversity are two current issues that can be related to the role of governments. Global warming is also another implication that has a devastating effect on the environment. Current examples include the rise in sea levels, polar meltdowns, the melting of ice sheets and glaciers and human deaths due to disease from the effects of global warming. Firstly the environment can be defined as the natural features of our surroundings such as plant and animal life and their habitats, water, soils and the atmosphere. A local government named Rockdale Municipal Council has implemented certain actions to deal with the quality in that region. They have recognized that the main sou rce of poor air quality originates from air pollution sources such as motor vehicles, industrial premises and aircraft emissions. The solutions to these problems include improvements to Ryde and Botany Bay cycle way, integration of land use and transport planning strategies, production of Air Quality the Facts booklet for community, investigation of complaints regarding odours and dust, tree planting and preparation of a Local Air Quality Management Plan in 1999. Air quality is a major issue in most states within Australia that affects our greenhouse, to tackle the implications state governments have created policies and responsibilities. For instance Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) is a program that enables mainly state governments to take action on greenhouse. CCP provides these state governments with a strategic framework to diminish greenhouse gas emissions by helping them identify and recognize the emissions of their council and community, set a reduction goal and develop and utilize an action plan to reach that goal. State actions include: capturing the methane from landfill sites and public and non-car transport into urban planning. On a federal or national basis Australia has employed policies to increase the air quality. For example the Commonwealth Government will guarantee that Australia carries its fair-share of the burden in worldwide efforts to combat global air pollution through policy development and implementation. They have also supported the National Greenhouse Strategy (NGS) which began in late 1996. The government will also support the development of a national strategy to observe and manage air toxics. The air toxics strategy will monitor, establish the levels of community exposure to, and manage emissions of selected air toxics. The federal government will even consider the inclusion of air toxics in a future National Environmental Protection Measure. Further measures include the leading of the development of national ambient air qu ality standards through the National Environmental Protection Council and the assistance of the establishment of a National Pollutant Inventory which will require large companies to publicly report their emission of 90 pollutants. Local government Rockdale Municipal Council has introduced responsibilities and policies to reduce the loss of biodiversity. This local government has learned that the cause involves the introduction of species, pollution of land and water, weed invasion and urban encroachment. Their solutions to these problems comprise of the planting of over 3,500 plants and shrubs in Bardwell Valley and Scotts Reserve, bush regeneration and planting in Scarborough Reserve, involvement in Cooks River Foreshores Working Party and preparation of a flora and fauna study in 2000. Policies towards the community include controlling noxious weeds on your property, planting native trees indigenous to the area and applying to the council prior to removing any trees. The Labor Tasmanian Government has created a new Environment Policy on biodiversity that hopes to preserve native plants and animals. The policies commit the government to encourage community involvement in biological diversity programs, proclaim the Tasman National Park, establish a State Biodiversity Committee with community representation to arrange a Tasmanian Biodiversity Strategy, support the development of a State Policy on the protection of remnant native vegetation, examine the possibility of incorporating the Biodiversity Strategy into legislation and seeking the co-operation of local government and the community in including and enforcing biological diversity guidelines in development criteria. Time management EssayMelting is taking on vast and unprecedented level in the Arctic sea ice, the Antarctic and in dozens of mountain and sub-polar glaciers, and the rate has accelerated immensely in the past decade. The Earths ice cover could have intense changes on the global climate and rising sea levels could start regional flooding. Melting of mountain glaciers could also endanger urban water supplies and the habitats of plant and animal species in fragile environments. Within the next 35 years, the Himalayan glacial area is expected to shrink by one-fifth, to just 100, 000 kilometres. A prediction forecasts that the remaining glaciers could disappear in 30 years. The melting has been especially noticeable in the past three decades, and scientists believe that it is the result of human behaviour and the build up of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. All current examples of global warming are significant due to the effects that it has on the environment and people. For people, it can cause infectious diseases and pollution-related illnesses that in turn effect our standard of living. Some examples can be more significant than others. For example diseases amongst people is more so important than the rise in sea levels and melting of glaciers since peoples existence are endangered. Environment Essays

Laboratory Techniques and Measurements free essay sample

Abstract:There were several objectives in this experiment that allowed student to familiarize themselves with different techniques used a laboratory environment. Students were instructed to conduct measurements such as length, mass, temperature, volume, and density using common tools. Dilutions were also created during this experiment, and then calculated using basic algebraic formulae. This experiment allowed students to become proficient in using utensils in the lab, and in conducting basic measurements. Experiment and Observations: Length Measurements In this experiment, students were required to measure three objects with a ruler showing and record the data in the table below, approximating to one decimal place. Object Measured Length in cm Length in mm Baby’s bottle 14. 2 cm 142 mm Pen 14. 5 cm 145 mm Diameter of the opening of a glass 8. 4 cm 84 mm Temperature Measurements There were two temperature measurements: warm and cold. Students were instructed to measure the temperature of hot water in three stages: hot from the sink, the temperature at the boiling point, and finally, the temperature after boiling the water for 5 minutes. We will write a custom essay sample on Laboratory Techniques and Measurements or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Afterwards, students were directed to measure the temperature of cold water in three stages: cold water from the tap, temperature of water after adding ice cubes, and finally the temperature of the same water after 5 minutes. Students were required to add the data in the table below. The measurements were done in Celsius. Hot water from tap (C0) Boiling water (C0) Boiling water after 5 minutes (C0) 54 C0 93 C0 95 C0 Cold water from tap (C0) Ice water (C0) Ice water after 5 minutes (C0) 22 C0 18 C0 5 C0 Volume Measurement In this experiment students were instructed to measure the volume of the water after filling a test tube, and then pouring the content into a 25mL graduated cylinder. The volume was to be recorded in the table below. In the next step, students were required to measure the volume of a thin-stemmed pipet, by filling it with water, then adding this water into the graduated cylinder one drop at a time, until the 1mL mark was reached. The number of drops used were added to the table below. Finally, students had to empty the content of the pipet into the graduated cylinder, and they were instructed to write the volume of the water from the graduated cylinder into the same table. The measurements were recorded in mL. Volume of test tube (mL) Number of drops in 1 mL Volume of pipet (mL) 12 mL 25 drops 5 mL Mass Measurement For this experiment, a digital scale was used. Students were instructed to use the correct tare in order to reduce inaccuracies. Students were required to try to guess the masses of these objects, and add their estimates into the table below. Afterwards, they were instructed to weigh the objects, and record their actual masses into the same table. Measurements were recorded in grams. Object Estimated Mass of Object (g) Actual Mass of Object (g) Vitamin pill 0. 5 g 0. 6 g Empty plastic measuring cup 5 g 25. 8 g Container filled with garlic powder 200 g 271. 8 g Container filled with toothpicks 153 g 51 g Plastic container, filled ? of the way with parsley 25 g 24. 2g The lid of the scale used in this experiment 10 g 10. 1 g Wedding ring 5 g 3. 1 g Density Measurements In this section, several methods were used to measure densities. 1. Calculating densities using a scale, a graduated cylinder, and the formula: density = mass/volume In the first step, students were required to determine the density of water, using a graduated cylinder, a small scale, and the density formula: density=mass/volume. These measurements were recorded in the table below. In the next step, students measured the density of isopropyl alcohol through a similar method they measured the density of water. In the following step, students were required to measure the density of salt solution through similar methods. After measuring the mass of 5 mL of the salt solution, they were required to form a hypothesis on whether the density of this solution is higher or lower than that of water. The actual measurements were recorded in the table below. Hypothesis: the density of the salt solution would be greater than the density of water, because the mass of the salt solution is greater than that of the water, and when two fractions have the same number in the denominator (5), but the numerators are different, the fraction with the higher numerator will be the greater of the two. Mass A Mass B Mass A-B Object Graduated cylinder + substance Graduated cylinder Substance Density (M/V) Water 21. 8 g 17. 2 g 4. 6 g 0. 9 g/mL Isopropyl alcohol 21. 5 g 17. 2 g 4. 3 g 0. 9 g/mL Saturated salt solution 22. 6 g 17. 2 g 5. 4 g 1. 1 g/mL In the next step, students were required to compare two different techniques of measuring density. 2. Water-displacement method In this experiment, students had to calculate the density of a metal bolt and a magnet using the water-displacement method. The data gathered was entered in the table below. 3. Archimedes’ method In this experiment, students were instructed to calculate the density of the same metal bolt and magnet via Archimedes’ method. 4. Math calculations method Once the comparisons between the above mentioned techniques were completed, students were required to use the math calculations method to determine the density of the magnet. Since the magnet has measurable sides, this is a viable technique. A B B-A Object Graduated cylinder volume Graduated cylinder + object Object volume (mL) Object mass (g) Density (M/V) Metal bolt: water-displacement method 12. 5 mL 13. 5 mL 1. 0 mL 8. 0 g 8. 0 g/mL Metal-bolt: Archimedes’ method 1. 0 mL 8. 0 g 8. 0 g/mL Magnet: water-displacement method 12. 5 mL 13. 5 mL 1. 0 mL 4. 3 g 4. 3 g/mL Magnet: Archimedes’ method 1. 0 mL 4. 3 g 4. 3 g/mL Magnet: math calculation method 0. 8 mL 4. 0 g 5. 0 g/mL Making a Dilute Solution While these steps didn’t require students to collect data into a table, they were instructed to perform certain tasks in order for them to learn how to use certain laboratory tools in order to prepare accurate dilute solutions. The instruments required for this exercise were a 0. 2 mL serological pipet with bulb and a 100 mL beaker. The students squeezed the bulb and placed the tip of the pipet into the beaker. When they released the bulb, they collected enough liquid to reach the 0 mark. Students then released 1. 0 mL liquid from the pipet, then an additional 0. 5, and finally the entire 2. 0 mL liquid. In the following portion of the lab, students were required to observe a volumetric flask, which only measured 25mL volume (quantum sufficit) indicated by a line. Using the serological pipet, students delivered 5 mL of colored liquid into the volumetric flask. The rest of the flask was filled with water up to the 25 mL mark. I used prune juice, which has a reddish-brown color. When I added the water to it, the liquid became lighter reddish-brown color. Still, the mixture wasn’t uniform. Most of the juice collected to the bottom of the flask, and the color gradually faded up to the 25 mL line. Calculations and Error When calculating the length of an object, errors in measurements were minimal, because the ruler was marked to millimeters. This ensured the margin of error was reduced. Had students used a ruler with only inches marked, the error would have been greater. Measuring the temperature was straight forward. I just had to ensure I kept the thermometer straight. The water boiled at less than 100 C0, and didn’t reach that temperature even after 5 minutes. The cold water did not reach the 0 C0, even with the ice in it. These measurements were taken with a mercury thermometer, which are considered accurate. More accuracy could have been achieved by measuring the temperature with multiple thermometers. Measuring the volume in the graduated cylinder was also fairly accurate, because it was clearly marked. The design of test tube allowed me to fill it up completely. The chances of errors was slightly higher in this part of the experiment, due to the difficulty in adding an exact amount of fluid into the cylinder. 1-2 extra drops could make a difference. I attempted to measure by adding the liquids to where they were in one plane with the 5 mL mark. The degree of error when measuring the number of drops in 1 mL was larger due to the possibility of the drops having different sizes. Smaller drops would have been needed to fill the cylinder to the 1mL line than smaller drops. The margin of error when measuring mass was decreased significantly by adjusting the tare appropriately, and using the same scale for every measurement. As shown in the table, most of the time, the actual measurement differed quite a bit from the hypothesized mass. For the measurement of density the following formula was used: density=mass/volume Density of water: 4. 6g/5mL = 0. 9 g/mL Density of isopropyl alcohol: 4. 3g/5mL = 0. 9 g/mL Density of salt solution: 5. 4g/5mL = 1. 1 g/mL Measuring the density of liquids yielded some errors. If rounded to two decimal places, water had a density of 0. 92 g/mL, and isopropyl alcohol had a density of 0. 86. This would have been more accurate, than the data actually entered into the table. Based on rounding requirements stating that the decimal places of the product should match the lowest decimal place of the numerator and denominator, I had to round to only one decimal place. If rounded to one decimal place, water and isopropyl alcohol would show the same density, but the density of isopropyl alcohol is slightly lower than that of water. Measuring the density of objects yielded the same result in water-displacement test and the Archimedes’ method. Both had their own challenges. When using the water displacement method, students had to ensure that the water level was read accurately. With Archimedes’ method, students had to ensure the scale was appropriately calibrated, and they had to ensure the objects weren’t touching the side of the beaker. Based on the data gathered, both yielded similar results. Water displacement method calculation for both the bolt and the magnet used was similar. The volume of water in the graded cylinder was 12. 5 mL in both instances. When dropping the bolt into the cylinder, the volume read 13. 5 mL. The same volume was recorded when the magnet was dropped into the cylinder. In order to determine the water displacement, the students had to subtract the volume of the water from the volume of the water when the object was in it. For the both objects, 13. 5g-12. 5 g=1. 0g. The weight of the bolt was 8. 0g, and the weight of the magnet was 4. 3 g. As such, the data recorded for the bolt was: density = 8. 0 g/1. 0 mL = 8. 0 g/mL, and density of the magnet was: 4. 3 g/1. 0 mL = 4. 3 g. For the Archimedes’ method, I used the scale. This method was easier, but the possibility of errors was greater, because I had to have a steady hand. I filled a beaker with water to the 50mL line, and placed it on the scale, then ensured the tare was set to 0. 0g. Slowly, I submerged the objects using a string, and the weight measured on the scale showed the density. I gathered the same results as in the water displacement test: density of the bolt: 8. 0 g/mL, and the density of the magnet was 4. 3 g/mL. Using the mathematical method yielded a different result. The volume had to be calculated using the measurements of the three sides. The value had to be converted into mL, and the mass had to be divided by the volume. Mass of magnet: 4. 3 g, volume of magnet = 5mm x 6mm x 25mm = 750 mm3 = 0. 750 mL. Density = 4. 3g/0. 750 mL = 5. 7 g/mL. Discussion and Conclusion The measurement for the length was straight-forward. There wasn’t too much of a margin for error. All the objects I measured were the exact length I added into the table. I didn’t measure any objects that ended between the millimeter marks. One might argue that the baby’s bottle would be more difficult to measure, and measuring this object would yield the most errors, because of the shape of the object. Using a pen to connect the top of the bottle to the ruler alleviated much of this error, and allowed me to have an accurate reading for the length. Due to the design of test tubes, I was able to fill it all the way with the water, and this yielded accurate results when measuring its volume in the graded cylinder. Filling the pipet was a bit of a task until I found the right trick to it. Counting the drops seemed somewhat subjective, because it depended on how big the drops were. The instructions did not state how bid the drops should be. One way to alleviate this error would be to describe the size of drops. Or, an even better way would be to use a pipet that is less flexible, and has standard drops flowing from it. As mentioned in the â€Å"Errors and Calculations† section, measuring temperature with an alcohol thermometer was fairly accurate. The degree of accuracy could have been known if the temperatures had been taken with multiple thermometers. I expected the water to boil at less than 100 C0, because the house was above sea level, closer to Denver, CO. I did expect the water to reach that temperature after 5 minutes, but it didn’t. It seemed to cap out at 96 C0. My expectations were similar to the outcome when measuring the temperature of the cold water. I did not expect it to reach 0 C0, because there was plenty of liquid water in addition to the ice, even after 5 minutes. It was interesting to note the difference between the hypothesized mass, and the actual mass measured with the scale. In some cases, I was only a tad off, while in other cases, I was very off. The degree of accuracy was questionable. It was based on the fact that I faith that the scale was calibrated properly. I did adjust the tare accordingly, but in order to ensure a better degree of accuracy, I could have weighed each object on multiple scales. I already knew the density of water, and as a result, I was happy to see that my measurements were accurate. Still, when measuring the isopropyl alcohol, if rounding to only one decimal place, the density was the same as that of water. Of course, when rounding to two decimal places, the rubbing alcohol was slightly less dense than water, at 0. 86 g/mL versus 0. 92 g/mL. Rounding to more than one decimal place increased the accuracy. I expected the density of the salt solution to be higher, because the mass of the solution would increase compared to just water. Just as I had predicted, the density of the salt solution was 1. 1 g/mL. Measuring the densities with the water displacement vs the Archimedes’ method was surprisingly similar. I expected to see at least a slight difference, but both yielded the same results. The density of the bolt was 8. 0 g/mL, and the density of the magnet was 4. 3 g/mL. I could see based on these results why Archimedes’ method was accurate. Both methods required much precision. I had to ensure the scale was calibrated properly, and that my hands weren’t moving frantically while lowering the objects into the beaker. Based on these results, both measurements proved to be accurate. The mathematical method yielded some issues. The result was very different from the above methods. I even converted mm3 to mL to ensure accuracy. Still, the result was surprisingly different. The density was 5. 0 g/mL. I added details on how I completed the calculations in the â€Å"Calculations and Errors† section. I was trying to devise different theories behind the discrepancies. I was thinking that it may have been that the length measurements had nothing to do with the actual material. We had to calculate the volume based on the length, height and width. This yielded 750 mm3, which is 0. 75 mL. The object’s density then would be 4. 3 g/0. 75 mL=5. 7 g/mL . Although the results were identical when measuring with the water displacement method and Archimedes’ method, these two methods are not always accurate. The cylinder might be calibrated differently, water might spill when the object is drooped in it. Archimedes’ method can also be inaccurate. If the water or the hand moves, the numbers start changing on the scale. The mathematical calculation method is considered to be the most accurate, if the object has definite sides. Creating the mixture was fun, but based on the fact that the pipet can have hair bubbles trapped, I had to be very careful. One air bubble could throw off the entire experiment. Because I used prune juice, it all tended to gather on the bottom of the flask. I was still able to see the juice disperse in the water, and the closer to the 25 mL mark, the lighter the color of the liquid. I didn’t think that the consistency of the juice was different, so I expected for the juice to evenly mix in the water. I was proven wrong by the experiment. Questions A. The water did boil at a lower temperature, because the experiment was conducted above sea level. The reason for this is that there is less atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes. Less pressure requires energy. B. The percent error is calculated with the following equation: 100 x(|experimental value-theoretical value|/theoretical value) |102-100| 100 x = 100 x 0. 02 = 2% For water boiling at 1020C 100 |99. 2-100| 100 x = 100 x 0. 08 = 8% For water boiling at 99. 20 100 C. First, we calculate the volume: 3. 6 cm x 4. 21 cm x 1. 17 cm = 17. 7 cm3 If we want the density in g/mL, we convert 17. 7 cm3 to mL, which is 17. 7 mL. Second, we determine the mass of the object, which is 21. 3 g. The density is found by dividing the mass by the volume. D=mass/volume D=21. 3 g/17. 7 mL = 1. 2 g/mL D. Density=mass/volume as a result Volume=mass/density The Au sample has a mass of 26. 15 g The density of the sample is 19. 30 g/mL Volume = 26. 15 g / 19. 30 g/mL Volume = 1. 35 mL E. This is a difficult question to answer, because based on my experiment, both methods were equally accurate. It depends on the object that is being experimented upon on, the tools used within the experiment, and the person completing the experiment. For example, for the bolt it would be easier to just use Archimedes’ method, because it is easy to just get a string, tie it on the bolt, and submerge it into the water. With the magnet it may be more beneficial to use the water displacement method, because the string might fall off. If one doesn’t have steady hands, it is more beneficial for them to use the water displacement method. I believe it is a matter of preference and also a matter of what resources one has available. F. If one dropped the object into the beaker the measurements would be incorrect. The experiment specifically states not to touch the bottom or the sides of the beaker. It is important to complete the experiment gently. G. Although I got similar results when using Archimedes’ method as when I used the water displacement technique, there is more room for error when using Archimedes’ method. The hands need to be perfectly still, without the water touching the beaker. Plus, the experimenter has to ensure the scale is calibrated properly. H. In this exercise, we can determine the density, because we have the volume and the mass. Volume = 0. 40 cm3 = 0. 40 mL Mass= 6. 0 g Density = mass/volume Density = 6. 0 g/0. 40 mL = 15 g/mL The density of gold is 19. 3 g/mL. As a result, this object is not made of gold. I. First, we convert 0. 25M to moles/L 0. 25M=0. 25 moles/L In order to determine how many moles of HCl we need, we have to multiply the 10mL by . 25mol/1000L. 10*(0. 25mol/1000L)=0. 0025mol In order to determine how much 1M HCl solution one should use, we have to multiply the 0. 0025 mol by 1000mL/1. 0 mol HCl 0. 0025 mol *(1000mL/1. 0 mol HCl) = 2. 5 mL Since we have 10 mL of solution, and 2. 5 mL of HCl, the amount of water used is 10 mL-2. 5 mL = 7. 5 mL. J. Using molarity to express concentration: Original liquid: 2. 43 M Volume of solution = 25. 0 mL = 0. 025L 2. 43 M = 2. 43 moles/L Molarity = moles of solute/volume of solution Molarity = (2. 43 moles/L)/0. 025L Molarity = 97. 2 M K. The color after diluting is lighter, because it is less concentrated. The reason for the dilution is to make the original liquid less concentrated. The more the liquid is diluted, the lighter in color it gets. M. When diluting a liquid, the color gets lighter, the more water we add. The reason for this is the fact that the original liquid becomes less concentrated. The more water add, the more the original liquid disburses throughout the water. N. The water will boil faster in Colorado. The reason behind it is the difference in atmospheric pressure between seal level and high altitudes. The lower the pressure, the less energy is required to boil the water. Based on the experiment, the water started boiling at around 920 C, and it didn’t reach 1000C even after 5 minutes. O. 1. Calculating the change: 4. 521g/(13. 534 g/cm3-13. 472 g/cm3) = 72. 919 cm3 (72. 919 cm3)/(? 0. 0252 cm2)=(72. 919cm3)/(3. 1410. 000625cm2)=3. 714105 mm. 2. Calculating the number of atoms of Hg in the thermometer: (4. 521 g)/(200. 592 g/mol)x(6. 0221023 atoms/mol) g and mol cancel out Answer: number of Hg atoms: 1. 357 x 1022 P. 1. V=? r2h Vgold=? (4. 1cm2)(21cm) vgold=1109. 014 cm3 Densitygold =massgold/volumegold Massgold = densitygold x volumegold Massgold = (19. 3 g/cm3)(1109. 014 cm3) Massgold= 21403. 97 g Massgold = 21404 g Vsand = ? (4. 1 cm2)(21 cm) Vsand = 1109. 014 cm3 Densitysand = masssand X volumesand Masssand= densitysand x volumesand Masssand = (3. 0 g/cm3)(1109. 014 cm3) Masssand = 3327. 04 g Masssand = 3327 g 2. The alarm would have been tripped, because the sand is less massive than the gold. Although the volume is identical for both, the density isn’t. Because the density isn’t identical, neither is the mass. In our scenario, the mass wasn’t even comparable. The sand is much less massive than gold. Indiana Jones would have been in big trouble.

The Influence of Social Networking Sites free essay sample

It is not surprising that many people are hooked on with these sites since it is free and easily accessible with the use of a computer connected to the internet and even with the use of a mobile phone that enables SNS applications or internet browsing. However, does SNS usage affect interpersonal relationships? Do people rely too much on the fastest way communicating on the internet despite the lack of face-to-face interaction? This research aims to determine the effects of SNS to the interpersonal relationships. It also focuses on analyzing the level of interpersonal relationship after using SNS.The research will then consider how social networking sites impact interpersonal relationship in the real world. This research is based on a survey of ____ purposively a third year and fourth year education student respondents that use social networking sites everyday with the status of their interpersonal relationship with family, friends, teachers and others as they use social networking sites. We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of Social Networking Sites or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mary’s College. Examples of social networking sites are Friendster, Facebook, Twitter and Plurk. Social Networking Sites help us to communicate with our friends, classmates, and relatives but they also allow us to communicate with other people who share common interests with us. For instance a person added another person as a friend on Facebook since both of them is addicted on playing Restaurant City. Through these SNS, we develop virtual interpersonal relationships. An interpersonal relationship is a relatively long-term association between two or more people.This association may be based on emotions like love and liking, regular business interactions, or some other type of social commitments. Interpersonal relationships take place in a great variety of contexts, such as family, friends, marriage, acquaintances, and are the basis of social groups and society as a whole . Social networking sites influence the interpersonal relationship of students in many ways. Through social networking sites, users come to meet other people Worldwide. These people can affect the user’s interpersonal relationship with other people close to him/her.This influence can either be good or bad for the user. The researcher chose the topic about the influence of social networking sites to be studied because it is shown evidently that most of the students in St. Mary’s College use Social Networking Sites as part of their activities done in the internet. Many students always log into their account on Facebook, Friendster, etc. as a part of their everyday routine. Could you imagine the number of all the students logging in to these social networking sites, everyday? That would be millions of students logging in social networking sites. Why students are interested on these sites? Social networking sites typically offer many features and those features are positively the reason why many students are interested in checking out these sites. One of the general features of SNS is profiles. A profile contains all the information about the person plus their photos, videos, applications that they use and comments/messages posted by other persons. Well, SNS also offers special features like for example, Facebook has social games like Restaurant City and Pet Society.It is evident that many students greatly rely on these sites in order to interact with their friends and other people whether they know them or not. Being dependent to these sites promotes online friendships which are not good since they might encounter people that are suspicious in behavior. These sites hinder face-to-face friendship but many students reason out that they use SNS in order to communicate conveniently with their faraway friends. What do these SNS possess to make the students keep on using them? Why do students upload photos, videos, post comments/messages on other profiles and play social games?What are the benefits and purpose of doing these activities? Why are social networking sites frequently used by students nowadays? The researcher goal is to address these questions and have an in-depth study with regards to those questions stated above. Students’ usage of social networking sites provides long-lasting insights to identity construction, social behavior and peer-to-peer interaction therefore studies such as this arises that found out the real perspective of students about social life. B. Conceptual Framework In general, online relationships contain much weaker ties than face-to-face relationships (Vitak, 2008).Social networking sites such as Facebook offer users a convenient method for maintaining a large number of weak ties. While maintenance of strong ties typically requires significant commitm ents of time and energy, weak ties maybe managed solely through the connections that link Facebook â€Å"friends. † Facebook allows users to stay up-to-date on their weak ties’ lives simply by viewing the information available in those friends’ profiles and by connecting through actions such as pokes, private messages, wall postings and photo comments. By offering multiple methods of interaction, Facebook saves users significant time, thus enabling them to create and maintain a massive social network, although one predominantly composed of weak connections between users. For example, a recent survey found that the average user had 180 friends on the website, which is far more â€Å"friends† than the average person would say they have in the real world (Golder et al. , 2006). In cases where factors such as distance change a face-to-face relationship into a primarily online relationship, strong ties are maintained and even strengthened further.Social networking sites is a tool for person to keep in touch with his distant friends by following their updates, sending a message or posting comments—users have a quick and easy way to stay connected thus keep the relationship healthy when they are too busy to commit more time to face-to-face interaction (Vitak, 2008). For more vivid picture of the study, Figure 1 served as the research paradigm. Paradigm of the Study Social Networking Sites Figure 1. The influence of social networking sites on the interpersonal relationships of the students.The paradigm above shows the influence of social networking sites to the interpersonal relationship of students. There are two possible types of interpersonal relationship that students tend to develop. These are the following: Stronger interpersonal relationship of students with their friends, teachers, and parents. This happens if a student or a person knows well how to use a social networking site. Students are always updated with the status of their close friends, teachers, or even their parents that are added in their friends list in the social networking sites that they are using.

Free Essays on Analysis On John Donnes’ Holy Sonnet 14

to let God know that: He is the one who gives us all breath; He is the one who shines above everything; He is the one that helps us out more than any other thing. Secondly Donne admits that he is a sinner. He states that in order for him to be able to be a new person and â€Å"rise and stand† (3) before God, he must first be overthrown and broken. He goes on to say that he is engulfed in sin and is essentially in an unwanted rela... Free Essays on Analysis On John Donnes’ Holy Sonnet 14 Free Essays on Analysis On John Donnes’ Holy Sonnet 14 Analysis on John Donnes’ Holy Sonnet 14 As a Christian, John Donne writes his â€Å"Holy Sonnet 14: Batter My Heart, Three-Personed God† as a traditional orthodox prayer. He writes in the context of addressing God with praise at the beginning and the end of his prayer. In his prayer he also admits he is a sinner and asks for redemption. This particular course follows the same structure of numerous prayers found throughout the Bible. One of the most prominent of them is â€Å"The Lord’s Prayer† told by Jesus in Matthew 6: 9-13. We know that John Donne was a traditional orthodox Christian by the way he addresses God. He refers to God as a â€Å"three-personed God† in line one. He refers to God as three persons in one unit, not separate, for a reason. Traditional Christianity explains God as being made up of three parts: The Father; The Son; The Holy Ghost. Therefore when Donne refers to God this way we know he is addressing in the traditional orthodox Christian way. In Christianity, the Bible teaches us how to pray. One example is when Jesus recited â€Å"The Lord’s Prayer†. He was setting a particular course that he wanted Christians to follow. The first part of His prayer begins with addressing God and giving Him praise when He says â€Å"Our Father [†¦] Hallowed be Thy name.† (9). Donne follows this by addressing God in the first line. He then goes directly into praising God by saying, â€Å"You / As but knock, breathe, shine, and seek to mend† (1-2). He says these particular words to let God know that: He is the one who gives us all breath; He is the one who shines above everything; He is the one that helps us out more than any other thing. Secondly Donne admits that he is a sinner. He states that in order for him to be able to be a new person and â€Å"rise and stand† (3) before God, he must first be overthrown and broken. He goes on to say that he is engulfed in sin and is essentially in an unwanted rela...

Engineering Design Flow Contributing To the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Essay

Engineering Design Flow Contributing To the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster - Essay Example The researcher suggests that perhaps April 1986 was the worst tragedy in the global nuclear history, considering that Russia was among the leading nations as far as nuclear energy production was concerned. However, the Chernobyl plant encountered the worst engineering disasters that led to its decommissioning barely a decade and a half into operation. One of the nuclear reactors under test exploded under intense pressure, spewing tons of nuclear waste into the atmosphere. Several people, including plant technicians and engineers, absorbed significant levels of radiation from the accident. The team from Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and some government operatives initially briefed the locals about the impending disaster. Although the local people were told not to worry because the explosion was a slight problem that the plan engineers dealing with it, nuclear waste was already spreading across the entire area. The government had to evacuate all the residents of Prypiat city within 24 hours because of the radiation effect that resulted from the leakage of nuclear waste into the atmosphere. By magnitude, the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster was the worst accident in global nuclear history. Nuclear experts believe that Chernobyl and the area around it are still contaminated with nuclear waste presently. To understand the events and circumstances that led to the unfortunate accident, it is worth examining the real causes of the accident, whether it was human cause or the causes were beyond human control.

Occupational Health And Safety Management Essay

Occupational Health And Safety Management - Essay Example In the above context the present study observes the Hazards management of a building construction work site in a residential area. The study identifies the work process of the construction work site, types of hazards during the work process and controlling measures adopted for the identified hazards. Not only that the findings observed in the study are to be correlated and analyzed in the context of south Australian government statutes and existing implications on Occupational safety hazard management system for the effective utilization of the resources. As a relevant place to the purpose of the study, the building construction in the area XYZ was identified as a potential source for the information as it uses modern ways of construction techniques and has relevant working patterns for the observation. The study was carried by direct visit to the XYZ work site. The information on the types of hazards is being analyzed through the discussions with the workers and site inspectors. The information on techniques and safety measures adopted are taken from the site inspectors, Health and safety officer, Building contractors and higher authorities of local government. Findings of the direct visit to the work site: The direct visit to the XYZ has designed in such a way to extract the very key information in regard to the OSHMS practice, and the observed findings are as follows: Working process: The XYZ construction is a multi storied building site, with work in progress to observe the process and to discuss the essentials with the worksite workers. In the work area the workers are involved in the occupations like, masonry works with load carrying, working from heights, plumbing, carpentry works, electrical works, etc., Masonry work: The work process of masonry involves construction of walls, ceiling and floor including 3 or 4 workers working at a same time. Workers are observed to carry the loads of bricks and cement mixture in wheelbarrows to the worker who actually works on the wall construction. The person who is working on the construction of wall is found to be on ladder with all daagjga Types of Hazards observed in work site area: The main types of probable hazards are occurring at the site are observed under 2 categories: 1. Physical Hazards 2. Chemical Hazards. I. The physical hazards: These are the one, which are visible as well as have visible and instant effect on the victims. The following types of hazards are observed in this category. a. Slip/Trip/Fall: There is a high degree of risk observed to occur through these types of hazards, as the work associated with these is carried in a time constraints depending on the machinery and unpredictable weather Falling of workers from High places Accidents in Moving of loads Falling of tools & construction supplies Slipping on watery surface Tripping down of heavy machinery Slipping of ladders from supported wall to floor b. Stuck by: Usually the driver has to

Change in Bankng Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Change in Bankng Sector - Essay Example However, this certainly does not mean that CEOs' salary is almost immune to the ensuing circumstances (Frederick, 2000). The fast unravelling omens are indicative of the fact that such salary appreciations may not continue in 2009. Many banks and financial institutions are resorting to freezes on executive remuneration and the concerned experts are already professing a highly constrained rise of a mere 2 to 3 percent in the current year (New Zealand Management, 2009). In the given context, the executive pay has become a crucial issue in the sense that despite the rising unemployment rates and the ongoing credit crunch, it has become imperative for the banks and financial institutions to hold on to the key executive talent (New Zealand Management, 2009). A possible analysis of the level and structure of bank CEO pays needs to be conducted in the light of the emerging trends and challenges (Crawford et al., 1995). Just a year ago, it was not possible to divine the scale of crises that has engulfed the banking sector in the US and Europe. The emerging trends marked by a heightened state intervention, with governments becoming crucial stakeholders in the reputed banks like the Royal Bank of Scotland and the destined to merge Lloyds TSB and HBOS, the year 2009 no doubt will unleash never before vistas for the bank CEOs (Investors Chronicle, 2009). Such sector specific developments are projected to be further aggravated by the accompanying macroeconomic trends like a predictable, above average shrinking of the major economies like the US and the UK. While the natural reaction of the banks is to opt for restrained lending policies, the governments are pressing them hard to extend loans to individuals and small businesses (Monday Business Briefing, 2009). Further, the bad debts and balance sheets are making the markets much competitive. Despite the central banks throughout the world trying hard to enhance liquidity, the interbank loans continue to be dearer. Under such tough circumstances, only the best will survive. This bleak scenario marked by a cutthroat competition is bound to have an impact on the salaries of all the employees in general and the bank CEOs in particular (African Business, 2009). Competition and Bank CEO Compensation Consequently, the situation becomes quiet understandable, considering the existing circumstances. In an environment replete with fast shifting degrees of competition and abundant regulations, the banks are more then under strain to realign the remuneration of CEOs and top executives with the organizational objectives and sustainability (Bebchuk & Fried, 2003). Scenarios defined by elevated competition make it imperative for the banks to tag the salaries of their CEOs with overall performance. The rational that under normal circumstances, the CEO's salary constitutes just a tiny proportion of the total value of a bank should not confuse one (Kay &

A Introduction To Satellite Television

A Introduction To Satellite Television Satellite television first the consumer market in the early 1990s. Dishes made for the average household were expensive and took up a lot of space in the garden. I n the first few years of satellite TV only the wealthiest, or more die-hard fans of television, would go to the trouble of buying and setting up a satellite dish. Satellite television was also a lot harder to get than cable or broadcast TV. In the present day you see satellite dishes on the rooftops of most homeowners in the UK and indeed the rest of the western world. The major satellite TV companies are getting more and more people to buy their product with promises of films, sports and especially news from around the world. The advancement into high-definition televisions and being able to get a high definition satellite signal has made it even more prominent. Satellite Television gives us many solutions to the problems that come with broadcast TV and, although not perfect itself, is now the main way to view television. In its basic form satellite television is a lot like broadcast television. They are both a wireless system for delivering television programming to a viewers house. And they both use satellite stations to transmit programming via a radio signal. Using powerful antennas broadcast stations transmit radio waves to the area surrounding them. The viewers, however, pick up the signal with a much smaller antenna. Broadcast television works fine it just has one massive drawback, which is range. When a broadcast antenna shoots out a radio signal it is shot out in a straight line. To receive these signals you have to be in the direct line of sight of the antenna. If you are not the signal may become distorted. Small obstacles such as trees or small buildings should not be a problem but bigger obstacles, such as planet earth, would pose a problem. If you transmitted a broadcast signal over a perfectly flat surface you would be able to pick up a signal thousands of miles away from the source. However in the real world the curvature of the planet distorts and blocks the signal sent out from the satellite, to get a perfect signal you would have to be close to the antenna with no obstacles in between. The Satellite TV Solution Satellite TV solves this problem by transmitting signal from satellites orbiting the Earth. Because these satellites are so high in the sky it means there are a lot more customers in range and line of sight. Satellite TV systems transmit and receive radio signals using specialized antennas called satellite dishes. Diagram of how Satellite TV works . When the satellites that broadcast these radio signals are sent up in to space they are all sent up in geosynchronous orbit. This means that they all stay in one place in the sky relative to the Earth. Some facts: Every satellite is launched into space at 7000mph Each one reaches about 22,200 miles above the Earth. When the satellite is this high and moving at such a speed it will revolve around the Earth once every 24 hours, keeping it in the same position above the Earth giving constant signal to the viewer with uninterrupted signals. The Components of Satellite TV In a DTH (direct to home) or DBS (direct broadcasting) satellite system there are five major components. These are the programming source, the broadcast center, the satellite, the satellite dish and the receiver. Programming source this is where the channels that provide the programmes are based. This is where the satellite TV providers go to pay other companies (for example MTV or Nickelodeon) for the right to broadcast there programmes through their satellites. Broadcast Center The broadcast center is central part of the system. In the broadcast center the people who are providing the TV to the viwers at home receive signals from different programming sources and then beam a broadcast signal to satellites to geosynchronous orbit. Satellites The satellites in space receive the signal sent from the broadcast center and beam them back down to Earth. Dish The viewer then picks up this rebroadcasted signal and the satellite dish passes it onto the receiver in the house. Receiver All the receiver then has to is process the signal and pass it on to a standard TV. This is a very good system to providing a good quality signal to a large area. It has very picture display and sound quality with hundreds of channels and the service is ready to use in rural and urban areas and provides a lot of access to digital and high definition programming. However satellite is not without its drawbacks. It can be quite expensive to buy all the equipment at the outset (satellite dish and receiver etc) and if you want to access satellite television in multiple rooms in your home be prepared for the extra cost. As well as this satellite television can be subject to extreme weather conditions. Satellite TV signals Satellites signals have a very long way to travel before they appear on your TV screen. Because of this and because they contain very high-quality digital data it would be near impossible to transmit them without compression. Compression is defined, in this case, as removing all unnecessary or repeated information. After the signal is transmitted it is reconstructed. Satellite TV has to use a very unique type of video file compression standardized by the Moving Pictures Experts Group or MPEG for short. This allows the provider to successfully transmit significantly more channels than without using this method of compression. MPEG standards exist to promote interoperability among your computer, televisionand hand held video and audio devices. These MPEG standards are: MPEG-1: this is the original standard. It is used for encoding and decoding streaming video and audio files. MPEG-2: this standard compresses files which are used and transmitted for a high quality of video and is the standard for digital television. MPEG-4: the function of this standard is to compress high definition video onto a smaller scale so you can stream it to computers, mobile phones and PDAs. MPEG-21: This standard basically interprets digital content so that the media plays flawlessly no matter what machine it is, what language it is in or the user conditions. It is also referred as the Multimedia Framework. Most satellite TV providers used to use the MPEG-2 standard to compress their signals but changed to the MPEG-4 standard of compression. This is because MPEG-4 is more efficient at encoding can provide a much greater bandwidth than MPEG-2. However MPEG-2 still remains the official standard for digital television. This is because it is more able to analyse static images, like those you would see in such programmes like talk shows or newscasts whereas MPEG-4 is better at analysing moving, dynamic images. MPEG-4 can do this through such things as spatial  [1]  and temporal  [2]  compression. This is how satellite TV manages to provide such a high quality picture of fast-moving objects on the screen, that are always moving, like in a football game. Satellite Dish When the signal reaches the viewers house it is captured by the satellite dish. The satellite dish is made up of an aparabolic (bowl-shaped) surface and a central feed horn. The signal passes through the horn and then the dish focuses the signal into a narrow beam. This receiving dish works in the exact opposite way to the transmitter as it cant transmit information, it can only receive it. The dish acts just like a concave mirror in that the shape of the dish reflects the signal inward onto a particular point just like a concave mirror focuses light onto a particular point. The dishes feed horn feeds the signal on to the receiving equipment, and if there hasnt been any obstacles between the satellite and the dish there should be a perfect signal coming into the viewers receiver (unless the weather is bad). Before the dish sends the signal to the viewers receiver it amplifies and filters the signal using LNB, or low noise blockdown converter. After this the LNB passes the amplified, filtered signal to inside the house. Sometimes, in some systems, the dish needs to pick up a signal from two different satellites. Sometimes this may be possible but when it isnt it may compromise the quality of the signal because the dish cannot be aimed at both of the satellites at the same time so either one or both of the signals would be distorted. Satellite Receiver At the end of the satellite TV system is the receiver. It has four important jobs: It takes the encrypted signal and de-scrambles it It takes the digital MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 signal and changes them into an analog signal so the standard television can recognize It also has to sort out the individual As well as this it keeps the providers headquarters up to date with the payments the viewer owes the provider of the satellite television. Conclusion After closely studying satellite television and how it works it is clear to me that is much better and more practical then the older normal broadcast television. This is because of the greater range and line of sight that satellites have got rather than the regular antennas which are impeded by the curvature of the earth and even small obstacles. Although satellite television does have some drawbacks I would say it is definitely the way forward in television broadcasting and has already nearly taken over the market.

College Admissions Essay - I Grew Up with Emily Dickinson

College Admissions Essay - I Grew Up with Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson was a part of my household ever since I can recall. She was introduced to me quite dramatically. My mother, with her omnipresent distant look, would suddenly begin to recite the famous poetry as though taking inspiration from some preternatural cue. I understood that a transmigration was occurring, although it was hard to pinpoint the direction. At times, it seemed Emily was contacting my mother, giving her a phantom tap on the shoulder, indicating she would like to hear one of her poems recited in earth time. Sometimes it seemed that my mother reached out to Emily. Nodding as though in acknowledgement of a cosmic contract, my mother would begin to utter the poet’s odd but mesmerizing verse. It appeared to me that when she recited from memory, my mother left the confines of the dinner table and withdrew to the nineteenth century to have contact with the poet from Amherst. It was through this penchant of my mother’s that I developed a bit of a sense of po etry but, perhaps even more, a sense of history. Although my usual sense of the passing of time was marked by the typical events in the life of a young boy (first day of school, Halloween, Thanksgiving, and so on), when my mother spontaneously broke into verse, the effect was like that of being transported in a time machine. Years later, a professor of mine claimed the most radical form of distance learning was the book for it could transport one across time, not merely space. But experiencing my mother’s sojourns was much more conspicuous than quietly reading century-old poetry to oneself. Through the spoken word, I felt the past entering the present. The effect was mesmerizing, as though there was ... ...owing me a book she had won for receiving the English prize in her high school. It was The Collected Plays of James Barrie. I asked her who he was, and she told me that he had written Peter Pan. At the time, I was a bit disappointed to find that out. I had thought the flying boy had just always been there. But no. He was the creation of the flight of an author’s imagination. After my initial disappointment, though, I became aware that plays and books and poems didn’t come from nowhere, but from people who had the ability to tap into their creativity and give it shape. Through dozens of dinner table encounters, my mother helped me realize something about human nature and inventiveness. A setting that respects the roles of both imagination and reality makes the world a more rewarding and interesting place. Such a setting bears an eerie resemblance to Never Never Land.

Management Case Analysis

David, in which he needs to determine essentially whether the greater good of the business unit should outweigh the promotion of one of Its key members. This Is rather ironic due to the fact that managers typically have more difficulty Identifying promotional opportunities for their employees than Impeding them. David Is under significant pressure to perform and the obstacles are stack against him, poor market situation, safety issues at the plant, and rising fixed costs.The article, â€Å"When to Reward Employees with More Responsibility and Money,† states that more than often managers feel responsible for finding their employees the next career opportunity. Mangers should foster progression and skill development of their employees within the work environment; however should this be secondary to the overall health of the business unit or organization? Davit's task is certainly an arduous one. This is his opportunity to prove to upper management that despite his age, he is cap able enough to successfully manage his sales team.Furthermore, David implements the correct Annihilative by assigning the project to the business development engineer Initially. This decision yielded positive results and the case clearly presents the business development engineer as an Integral factor. The business development manager's talent does not go unnoticed and shortly after he is offered a position two levels higher than his current role with a significant salary increase. This is a managerial success, considering David properly developed his employee for future opportunities; however performance of the business unit will foreseeable decline with the loss of its key member.It is suffice say that David will need think creatively to transcend his â€Å"rock and a hard place† situation. The article, â€Å"When to Reward Employees with More Responsibility and Money,† outlines challenges managers face and their corresponding solutions, the foremost being alternativ e forms of motivation, having to say no, and Job sculpting to prepare employees for the next step. These examples permeate the case study, In which David must construct a viable all-encompassing strategy. The key take-away Is that employees can be motivated by factors other than money.In fact an over reliance on money as a motivator could result in an organization's culture becoming transactional and calculated. Also, Job sculpting sets realistic expectations regarding position related responsibilities for employees who want to take the next step, but currently lack the experience or skill set. David should not be deterred by the budgetary constraints ND view this scenario as an opportunity to execute an innovative method to satisfy all parties, without affecting production or the bottom line.The case only proposes two options for David, to let the business development engineer to move on or to block his promotion. We are proposing an alternative third option. David could plead his case to the hiring manager that the business development engineer will be needed until year end, simultaneously enabling the quota to be reached and affording the account manager time to be trained. As the article suggests, David loud create a hybrid role for the business development engineer to supervise the the process.Additionally, the business development engineer could use this time to take on some his new duties to appease the hiring manager and acclimate himself to his new position. Furthermore, this recommendation could result as an extrinsic reward to the business development engineer and account manager, buy conveying the message that they are both essential to the future success of this business unit and are both provided the opportunity to further develop their skills.

Archaea Domain - Extreme Microscopic Organisms

Archaea Domain - Extreme Microscopic Organisms What Are Archaea? Archaea are a group of microscopic organisms that were discovered in the early 1970s. Like bacteria, they are single-celled prokaryotes. Archaeans were originally thought to be bacteria until DNA analysis showed that they are different organisms. In fact, they are so different that the discovery prompted scientists to come up with a new system for classifying life.  There is still much about archaeans that is not known. What we do know is that many are extreme organisms that live and thrive under some of the most extreme conditions, such as extremely hot, acidic, or alkaline environments. Key Takeaways Originally thought to be bacteria, Archaea are a separate group of microscopic organisms discovered in the 1970s. Archaeans are single-celled prokaryotes.Archaeans are extreme organisms. They can survive and even thrive under some of the most difficult conditions on planet Earth like very hot, extremely acidic, or very alkaline environments.Similar to bacteria, Archaeans have a number of different shapes. Cocci (round), bacilli (rod-shaped), and irregular are some examples.Archaeans possess the typical prokaryotic cell anatomy that includes plasmid DNA, a cell wall, a cell membrane, a cytoplasmic area, and ribosomes. Some archaeans can also have flagella. Archaea Cells Archaeans are extremely small microbes that must be viewed under an electron microscope to identify their characteristics. Like bacteria, they come in a variety of shapes including cocci (round), bacilli (rod-shaped), and irregular shapes. Archaeans have a typical prokaryotic cell anatomy:  plasmid DNA, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. Some archaeans also have long, whip-like protrusions called flagella, which aid in movement. Archaea Domain Organisms are now classified into three domains and six kingdoms. The domains include Eukaryota, Eubacteria, and Archaea. Under the archaea domain, there are three main divisions or phyla. They are: Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, and Korarchaeota. Crenarchaeota Crenarchaeota consist mostly of hyperthermophiles and thermoacidophiles. Hyperthermophilic microorganisms live in extremely hot or cold environments. Thermoacidophiles are microscopic organisms that live in extremely hot and acidic environments. Their habitats have a pH between 5 and 1. You would find these organisms in hydrothermal vents and hot springs. Crenarchaeota Species Examples of Crenarchaeotans include: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius - found near volcanic environments in hot, acidic springs containing sulfur.Pyrolobus fumarii - live in temperatures between 90 and 113 degrees Celsius. Euryarchaeota Euryarchaeota organisms consist mostly of extreme halophiles and methanogens. Extreme halophilic organisms live in salty habitats. They need salty environments to survive. You would find these organisms in salt lakes or areas where sea water has evaporated.Methanogens require oxygen free (anaerobic) conditions in order to survive. They produce methane gas as a byproduct of metabolism. You would find these organisms in environments such as swamps, wetlands, ice lakes, the guts of animals (cow, deer, humans), and in sewage. Euryarchaeota Species Examples of Euryarchaeotans include: Halobacterium - include several species of halophilic organisms that are found in salt lakes and high saline ocean environments.Methanococcus - Methanococcus jannaschii was the first genetically sequenced Archaean. This methanogen lives near hydrothermal vents.Methanococcoides burtonii - these psychrophilic (cold-loving) methanogens were discovered in Antarctica and can survive extremely cold temperatures. Korarchaeota Korarchaeota organisms are thought to be very primitive life forms. Little is currently known about the major characteristics of these organisms. We do know that they are thermophilic and have been found in hot springs and obsidian pools. Archaea Phylogeny Archaea are interesting organisms in that they have genes that are similar to both bacteria and eukaryotes.  Phylogenetically speaking, archaea and bacteria are thought to have developed separately from a common ancestor.  Eukaryotes are believed to have branched off from archaeans millions of years later. This suggests that archaeans are more closely related to eukayotes than bacteria. Interesting Archaeans Facts While Archaeans are very similar to bacteria, they are also much different. Unlike some types of bacteria, archaeans can not perform photosynthesis. Similarly, they cannot produce spores. Archaeans are extremophiles. They can live in places where most other life forms cannot. They can be found in extremely high temperature environments as well as extremely low temperature environments. Archaeans are a natural part of human microbiota. At present, pathogenic archaeans have not been identified. Scientists assume that they do not exist.

[Cyber Monday Deal] Why Now Is The Best Time To Get CoSchedule

[Cyber Monday Deal] Why Now Is The Best Time To Get 2016 has been an enormous year for . We’ve added several new features, grown our customer base, and expanded our team. Sure, we work hard. The real thanks, though, belong to you-our customers, blog readers, email subscribers, and social media followers. We get to do what we love everyday because of you. And we donut  know how to thank you enough. Start an automation plan with and get one month free!It’s the Monday after Thanksgiving here in the U.S. That can only mean one thing. It’s Cyber Monday! If you’re reading this today, you probably want to know what kind of deals you can get on today. We’re not about to disappoint you, either. Treat Yourself With the Best Deal on Yet Save time on content marketing all year long with our best Cyber Monday deal yet. Start a new calendar or upgrade your existing subscription to an Automation* plan and get one month free! Schedule Social Media Messages Smarter With ReQueue With ReQueue, you’ll save time all year long managing social media marketing. It’s the most intelligent self-filling social media queue out there, and it’s only available on Automation plans. Get the most from your evergreen social media content. Add social messages to groups, and then let ReQueue  automatically refill the gaps in your social media schedule. Set it and forget it! That leaves you with more time to be more productive doing other things (like crafting genius marketing campaigns and creating killer content). Consolidate Your Content With As you start planning for the new year, you have a lot of things to organize. Fortunately, can you consolidate your content marketing toolbox, making it easy to plan, create, and promote content in one place. Plan All Your Content On One Calendar We’ve built to be the best content marketing and social media editorial calendar on the market. We stand firmly behind that claim, too. 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Virtual Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Virtual Teams - Essay Example In this regard, the current discourse aims to discuss how the dilemmas of teamwork might be intensified in a virtual team. Likewise, as one is considered a part of a virtual team, the essay also aims to address the dilemmas that apparently exist when class assignments need to be complied with. Dilemmas of Teamwork in Virtual Teams A group or team is normally composed of members with diverse demographic, geographic, cultural, educational, and socio-economic backgrounds, and interact with each other for a specified time frame. These members utilize specifically essential resources and methodologies to achieve explicitly defined goals. The traditional dilemmas of teamwork are: (1) propensities for conflicts due to differences in opinions; (2) miscommunication due to cultural and language barriers; (3) delegation and performance according to roles and responsibilities; and (4) resolving conflicts and managing overall performance. In the Management Study Guide, a comprehensive analysis of virtual teams is presented in terms of defining their advantages and disadvantages; as well as in comparing them with traditional teams (Advantages and Disadvantages of Virtual Teams, 2013; Cascio, 2000). From the information, it was disclosed that the very nature of virtual teams according to levels (individual, organizational, as well as societal) actually contribute to conflicts due to differences in opinions, as well as the roles and responsibilities they play in the organization. In addition, since organizations support diversity and recruit employees from different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, there are more tendencies for virtual teams to encounter miscommunication due to language barriers. Likewise, virtual teams operate through a team leader, whose tasks were delegated by the assigned manager or supervisor. Further assigning responsibilities to team members, without comprehensive knowledge of their respective backgrounds and capabilites contributed to intensified chall enges. Finally, in virtual teams, the distance and varied time frames, make confict resolutions difficult. Managing the overall cohesiveness and performance of virtual team members are more difficult, as a result. . Concurrently, the disparity in geographic, cultural, socio-economic, and educational backgrounds of the members of virtual teams exacerbate potential challenges in terms of sustaining effective communication due to language barriers, distractions, disparities in time zones, and expertise or competencies on accomplishing the identified tasks. This dilemma could be intensified in the virtual team setting since the opportunity to accord immediate feedback and to resolve the dilemma through face-to-face interaction is not effectively provided due to the absence of authoritative leaders or managers who are instrumental in governance and effective management of a team. What dilemmas do you feel when you have to do class assignments as part of a team? In terms of class assignme nts that must be done as part of a team, in a virtual team setting, the dilemmas that are encountered are as follows: (1) insufficient time to get acquainted with each other during the group

Marketing to the South Asian Population Assignment

Marketing to the South Asian Population - Assignment Example Moreover, the increase of ethnic diversity has become a trend that will increase, which means that UK population will be even more heterogeneous in future. (Halsey, 2000) The number of immigrants from South Asia will rise, which means greater social weight for this group - currently, the largest of all ethnic minorities in the UK. Adding to social weight also means adding to economic value of South Asian population in Britain. Previously perceived as lacking the purchasing power (Sivanandan, 1989) ethnic minorities now present a significant segment "as consumers, workers, and investors in Europe new immigrant groups are beginning to impact the economic, social and political scene" (Palumbo and Teich, 2004). On the one hand, the significance of ethnic minorities increases, and on the other one, practitioners lack the information on how to use their presence. Indeed, buying behaviour of foreigners differ from European significantly. For instance, Delener (1990) finds that religiosity affects significantly buying behaviour of many ethnic groups. Therefore, understanding of purchasing habits of people from minority ethnic group requires understanding of their cultural differences, which become apparent in ethnic identities of each nation. Despite the wide academic interest to immigrant adaptation (Bhugra et al., 1999; Masuda et al., 1970; Phinney, 1990; Ward and Kennedy, 1994) there is still a significant lack of coherence in the description of ethnic identity, particularly because of terminological issues. Ethnic identity is explained in early studies as common ancestry based on shared individual characteristics and socio-cultural experiences (Drieger, 1978); and as fellings of belonging or commitment (Ting-Toomey, 1981). Later researches consider ethnic identity of a group or individual as the maintenance of original ethnic persona (Laroche et al., 1998) and a sense of shared values and attitudes (White and Burke, 1987). Thus 'ethnic identity' is not a clear term, but rather an umbrella of terms close to each other, yet not exactly similar, remaining opened for new perspectives. Consequently, such multi-dimensional definition of ethnic identity has led to wide acceptance of its multi-dimensional nature (Christian et al., 1976). Another underlying notion widely agreed is that ethnic identity is bound to culture. (Rosenthal and Hrynevich, 1985). However cultural dimensions vary across studies, proposing different models for the analysis of ethnic identity, mainly depending on the particular observed identity. For instance, Palumbo and Teich (2004) indicate religion, rite of passage, language, food and leisure as dimensions of Hispanic ethnic identity. Laroche et al. (2005) while observing differences between Greek and Italian identities, analyse three dimensions: ethnic language use with family members, ethnic language media exposure and ethnic attachment. More general research of Constant et al. (2006) measured ethnic identities of ex-Yugoslavian, Greek, Italian, Turkish and Spanish ethnic groups with five elements: language, culture, social interaction, hist ory of migration, and ethnic self-identification. Without further excessive specification, seven widely accepted dimensions of ethnic identity are given: language, friendship networks, religious affiliation, participation in clubs and organisations, food preferences, traditional celebrations, and politics. Ethnic minority groups present a vast field of interest

Truman's Doctrine Containing Soviet Expansion Essay

Truman's Doctrine Containing Soviet Expansion - Essay Example The relations between Soviet Union and the United States were driven by an interaction of socio-economic, political and ideological differences which led to the deterioration of relationships between the two superpowers of the world. The alliance between the two countries was purely strategic because there was a remarkable difference between the ideologies followed by the two countries. USA was the flag bearer of Capitalism whereas USSR was the country who gave birth to the communist ideology so a clash of interest always existed between the two nations leading to an eternal distrust (Kegley & Blanton, 2011). During the War, the Nazi forces in France, Italy and lower countries of Europe were defeated by the US and British forces whereas the Russian forces defeated the Nazis in Germany and Eastern Europe. The Soviet army continued to occupy the Eastern European states during the wartime and the US or the other Western powers were not in a position to do anything about it at that time. Communist governments were imposed on the Eastern European countries by USSR and Stalin started controlling these states directly and made no secret of it during the various postwar conferences. Germany was also divided into four zones controlled by USSR, USA, Britain and France. USSR considered Germany as a threat to its Communist state because of the past experiences and did not want to create a strong Germany therefore it continued to weaken Eastern Europe by taking equipment and materials (Sulzberger, 1985). The Soviet leadership was afraid of the rapid improvement in the lifestyle of people in the capitalist nations and feared that the expanding capitalism will pose a threat to the communist ideology. As a counter policy USSR started imposing communist governments in the countries controlled by the USSR after the war and communism took hold of most of the Eastern Europe and a few countries in the Far East. Harry S. Truman became the 33rd President of the United States after th e death of Franklin Roosevelt in 1945. Truman had to face a lot of challenges at the very beginning of his days in the office of the President of US and he managed to devise some very efficient policies to put an end to a number of internal and external crises (McCullough, 2003). Truman’s days in the office were marked by the end of the Second World War and he soon became aware of the expansionist expeditions of the Soviet Union. He considered the expansion of the USSR and the conversion of a considerable number of countries to communism a threat to the global peace, security and freedom. Truman set forth a policy in 1947 which clearly stated that the US will give economic and military aid to the countries which were under a threat of falling into the Soviet sphere. In one of his speeches he stated that US would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent USSR to establish a communist government in these countries. This policy of containing the expansi on of communism in the world was later termed as Truman’s Doctrine (Calvocressi, 2001). Truman clearly stated the objectives of the Doctrine and made it part of the foreign policy of the United States, in fact the various important decisions of future like the Marshall Plan and the creation of the NATO were also based on the principles laid in the Truman’s Doctrine. The purpose of the doctrine was to support free

Filipino Values Essay Example for Free

Filipino Values Essay †¢Close Kinship a Filipino considers family as an important social structure that they must love and care. Close family ties results to the family still being intact regardless that the children are old and with families of their own. †¢Respect for Elders the use of â€Å"po† and â€Å"opo† in conversing or addressing older people is a sign of a Filipino’s respect for the elders. Filipinos do not send their elders to nursing homes because they still value the worth and presence of the elders at home. †¢Hospitality – the Filipino community are very warm and hospitable. They even give â€Å"PASALUBONG† (WELCOME GIFTS) AND â€Å"PABAON† (FAREWELL GIFTS) TO GUESTS. AT TIMES, THEY SACRIFICE THEIR OWN COMFORT TO ACCOMMODATE THEIR GUESTS VERY WELL. †¢Strong Faith in God their faith in God keeps them united to overcome all the problems and challenges of life. †¢Flexibility / Adaptability / Resiliency the Filipinos have the trait to laugh at themselves and THEIR MISFORTUNES OR FAILURES. THIS IS A COPING MECHANISM TO BALANCE EMOTIONAL STRESS AND TO BOOST THE CAPACITY TO SURVIVE. THEY CAN SMILE IN MIDST OF PROBLEMS AND HARDSHIPS. THEY CAN STILL CRACK JOKES DESPITE THE STRESSES OF THEIR DAILY LIVES AND DURING CALAMITIES. THEY ARE STRONG AND CHEERFUL PEOPLE. †¢Ingenuity and Creativity they are good inventors. They often improvise and make productive use of available resources. †¢Patience and Self-sacrifice a remarkable quality of a Filipino is his capacity to endure difficulties and hardships. Maybe related to the long suffering they endured during the many colonization in Philippine history. They are patient enough to wait for their turn to be blessed with greener pastures as long as they do what is right and good. †¢Hard work and Industry Filipinos are globally recognized for their excellent performance in any physical and technical tasks. Maybe visible due to the desire for economic security and advancement for one’s self and family. †¢Readiness to Share and Help – they’ re always ready to lend a hand, not only in times of need (CALAMITIES OR DISASTERS) BUT ALSO IN FESTIVE OCCASIONS (â€Å"FIESTAS†, BAPTISMS AND WEDDINGS). THE â€Å"BAYANIHAN† SPIRIT, OR GIVING HELP WITHOUT EXPECTING SOMETHING IN RETURN, OF A FILIPINO IS WIDELY ADMIRED. NEGATIVE VALUES †¢ Fairness and Justice – they always show concern for the well-being of others. They uphold the humanity of all people and regard everyone with respect and empathy. They are keen on interpersonal relationships, their primary source of security and happiness. Fairness Justice – Equality – Social Justice – Development Progress. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ningas Kugon† – â€Å"kugon† is a kind of grass that burns easily when dry but extinguished easily as well. Like the cogon grass, Filipinos start things with great enthusiasm but at the first sign of difficulty, the enthusiasm is consumed as fast as it has ignited. †¢Colonial Mentality – Filipinos prefer foreign-made products instead of patronizing Philippine-made ones. This result to higher gains for foreign businessmen than local businessmen. Thus, it motivates Filipino businessmen to improve the quality of their products to make it more competitive against foreign ones. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mamaya Na† or â€Å"Bukas Na Lang† Habit a poor habit, a sign of laziness, of leaving for a later time what can be done at the moment or today. Thus resulting to stacked workload to be done and then complain about it. †¢Crab Mentality a troublesome trait evident in a Filipino where when one sees the progress of a comrade, the other becomes resentful rather than happy for the achievement. Rather than to praise, he would highlight everything negative about that person in an effort to bring him down or destroy his reputation. They would focus on other’s own faults rather their own inadequacies. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Patigasan† most Filipinos find it hard to say â€Å"I’m sorry† or â€Å"pasensya na†. Their precious pride always gets the best of them. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Kanya kanya† a trait which shows self-centeredness and lack of regard for others. There are Filipinos who give priority to what they and their families could have, rather than what they can do to share their wealth and serve others better. This trait shows poor signs of patriotism, loyalty to community, and concern for the needs of others.